New Technologies, New Dependencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

New Technologies, New Dependencies - Essay Example According to Griffiths, computers have enhanced communication on a global spectrum; this has happened not only because of the improved functionality of different computers, but also due to social media tools that have transformed the world into a global village (Griffiths). The development of computers has led to an increasing human dependency on the micro-chip. People hold various opinions regarding the development of this device. Many of them feel that it is a great way and it has proven to benefit many people and has revolutionized the entire world. However, others hold opinions against this device and feel that human beings have shown too much dependency on the computer. Technology endeavors have led to increase in business returns, enhanced consumer relationships, and have raised the standards of competition to the benefit of the market and have highlighted the positivity of the computer device in this era (Lai). The history of computers goes back to the time when the Abacus was used in 300 BC used by the Babylonians. Initially, in the abacus pebbles were used for counting. The word â€Å"calculus† is a Latin word which means pebbles. Human beings were the initial computers so to speak. They would carry out tasks that now computers are programmed to do. Also the computer is developed in a similar way like the human being in which a hard drive, stores memory similar to the human brain, the Central Processing Unit plays the role of the human heart, making the machine work. Human beings wanted work to be done fast, without any chaos, in an organized and systematic manner. Inventors had been searching for a way to do work fast and flawlessly. This actually led to the invention of the computer, that is work is done in a mechanized way. In 1936, the first proper freely programmable computer was invented. It was invented by Konrad Zuse. Slowly and gradually computer production developed, and in 1953 IBM (International Business Machine) became the latest co mputer system. Since then, there is constant development and improvement in various computer systems, and scientists are more and more focused on trying to develop the most user-friendly device possible. In 1976 Steve Jobs set up his company with the name of Apple and stars to produce the first personal computer kits. Apple kept improving and bringing out better and more advanced and latest models of computers. For Apple, The new â€Å"in† thing that has now come into the market is the touch. IPhones, IPads and IPods are the latest gadgets produced. Then, in 1985, Microsoft Windows made its grand entry into the computer market and has made itself a huge name and earned a major chunk of the market share. By that time, a subtle competition began between the Apple and Microsoft who hold together most of the market share in today’s world. In the 1990’s, particularly from 1992-1998, real businesses experienced an increase on an average of 44% per year on computer pri ces. Computer companies would sell their hardware’s and software’s convincing buyer that this was the latest and most reliable parts that promised improved productivity (Whelan). Now coming to the question of why there is an argument between people who feel that computers are an advantage opposed to those who feel it is a nuisance. Well, people have made it into one because of too much dependency on the device. But is there any other

DETAILS OF ASSIGNMENTS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

DETAILS OF ASSIGNMENTS - Essay Example Combined with unprofessional clinicians that provided support, I found a new lease on dying and the processes involved that have far-reaching consequences on family and the victim. Most children do not think of death and dying nor contemplate its somewhat grotesque cultural symbolism, instead they are too busy considering peer relationships or the receipt of their next reward for good behaviour. Perceptions of death at the childhood level are usually ambiguous sensations that occur when exposed to different death scenarios, such as the loss of a distanced great-grandmother. It is not until adulthood arrives that the individual begins to think about death, reinforced by different retirement packages offered by companies or other cultural symbols, and wonders about the realities of death as an unstoppable outcome to living. I have always had a form of thanaphobia, which is fear of dying or death, and of the dead (Aiken, 2000). It is likely a product of different media images, such as Michael Jackson’s â€Å"Thriller† which depicts the gruesome, mangled aspects of death that come from decomposition. Perhaps it was built as a combination of different stimuli related to death, such as news reports that highlight the crushed automobile that reinforce our absolute frailty as human beings. Until Aunt Linda was diagnosed with cancer, I had been able to calm my mild thanaphobia and just accept that it would be an eventual part of my life cycle that should be accepted, but rarely reflected upon. It was her response to having terminal cancer and the emotional phases that this once-vibrant woman went through that forever changed my view of dying and transformed mild thanaphobia into a full-blown case of it. When an individual is told they have a terminal illness, they often reach a stage in coping referred to as anger, where the individual looks for someone to fault for their problem, such as the doctor, God, or anyone they

Impact of Retention Rate on KFC

Impact of Retention Rate on KFC KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. KFC faces problems to meet business objectives, increasing customer satisfaction. To overcome difficulties and increasing organizational performances KFC wants to finds out the impact of retention rate on organizational performance. This is one month survey conducting with KFC employees and various secondary resources. Various articles, journals, newspaper and magazines have been collected to find out the information on motivation and organizational performance. 30 employees have been communicated via email to collect primary data. The primary and secondary data show that motivation has major impact on organizational performance. If organization can motivated its employees then performance of employees with a high volume. Employees attitude towards motivation is very positive. Employees want motivation rather than an y other things. From the research it is clear that if KFC can improves its motivational strategy it can increase its organization performance. Impact of Retention Rate on Organizational Performance 2. INTRODUCTION Employee retention is a process through which the organization can keep its employees with a certain period of time. Retention is good for both employee and organization. The objectives of the research are about employees retention and organizational performance. Beginning of the research paper describes briefly about the research topic. It has three different parts. The paper is started by pointing out the research topic and its impact. After that the main parts are discussed. Among the three main parts the initial one is Research Proposal. The research proposal starts with the hypothesis. After selecting hypothesis the research proposal describe briefly about the organization. After that the research proposal describes about the context and rational, reason for research, aim, objectives, literature review, methodology, resources and action plan. The next part of the research is Actual Research. It has research design, data collection, and data analysis. The ending part of the research is Presentation and Evaluation. It is about the analysis of findings, methodology evaluation, conclusion and recommendation. The references, bibliography and appendix are also included with the research. 3. RESEARCH PROPOSAL 3.1 Hypothesis If retention rate is related to organizational performance, than by increasing employees retention rate will increases organizational performance. 3.2 Background Theory Employee retention is the main concern of almost all of the organizations. Basically, small businesses suffer more because of employees high expectation. There are many firms; offer little benefits last 10 years or so. Now-a-days employees need and wants growing every day. Employees want more than their salary. As a result employee turnover is increasing. On the other side the importance of retention become very important for every organization. (Kim McLean, 2008). Employee retention always increases organizational performances. Retention also encourages current employees to remain with the organization. Long term service of employees means they are efficient and effective to their job duties. Again they know very well how to job done. On the other side retention can save several costs to the organization. Such as, hiring cost, training cost, productivity lost, replacement cost and efficiency cost. (Workforce Planning for Wisconsin State Government, 2005). Employee retention has seve ral benefit but employees turnovers has several disadvantages. Some of the article shows that, turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. (Kottolli, 2010). 3.3 Brief Summary to the Organisation KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken byÂÂ  ColonelÂÂ  Harland SandersÂÂ  in 1952. At present KFC have more than 24,000 employees. KFC operates all over the world and its main business trend is Halal food. 3.4 Context and Rational 3.4.1 Problems Faced by KFC Today KFC faces some problem with its employees turnover. Employees do not paying attention to their job duties. They turn up late and try to go home early. They are not very active as they used to in 2008. Customers often complain to the manager that, employees are serving very late. They are more concentrated in gossiping with each others. Some of the KFC stores take 5 to 10 minute to serve customer even though there is only one customer. Some employees are giving resignation without having informed. Due to frequent change of employees, customer dissatisfaction is growing day by day. Lack of concentration of employees and their carelessness shows that employees are not loyal to KFC. Sometimes managers also support employees and careless about KFC code of conducts. 3.4.2 Reasons for the Research KFC undertakes the research to find the ways retain its employees. Employees turnover is growing day by day. KFC wants to keeps its employees in order to provide high level of customer service. KFC also wants to reduce the cost of hiring, training and efficient cost. If employees turnover rate decreases KFC can increase its market share. Also it is possible for KFC to increase its customer satisfaction and bring back previous business reputation. 3.5 Aim The aim of the research is to discover the impact of employees retention rate on organizational performance. 3.6 Objectives A list of the objectives of the research has given below: To reduce employee turnover To increase customer satisfaction To increase employee satisfaction 3.7 Literature Review According to Robert L. Mathis, John H. Jackson in their book, Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue. Retention of employees has several benefits and advantages. Employees are getting high level skills when they working same environment for long period of time. But, the result of employees turnover is vital for the company. If an efficient employee gives resign company need to appoint new people. The new employee is not efficient and cannot provide satisfactory level customer service. That cost higher for the company. To support employee retention an article can help further. The world leading company shows high level of employee retention programme. As a result employees are providing high level service and working hard for the organization. Anne bruce (2006), described in his article, ÂÂ  how to motivate every employee. He also described, how Google manage its employees retain with its. He described that, like at Google, one of the webs most successful and growing search engines. Here employees play roller hockey during work hours, bring their dogs to work, and eat lunch and the company cafe. The result? Employees work long, hard hours and love their jobs. Again, survey and research on employee retention is an issue since the early age of industry revolution. A survey takes place in 1980. The focus of the survey was on the employee retention. The survey demonstrated that, people want more from work than money. An early study of thousands of workers and managers by the American Psychological Association clearly demonstrated this. While managers predicted the most important motivational aspect of work for people would be money, personal time and attention from the supervisor was cited by workers as most rewarding for them at work. In a recent Workforce article, The Ten Ironies of Motivation, reward and recognition guru, Bob Nelson, says, More than anything else, employees want to be valued for a job well done by those they hold in high esteem. He adds that people want to be treated as if they are adult human beings. Another article shows described that, We knew from past experience that Love2reward offered a great product and service (for our employee retention scheme). Its all about giving our team what they want, and feedback tells us that weve got it rightÂÂ  Pizza Express UK. 3.8 Methodology 3.8.1 Chosen Methodology It is easy and very reliable to use qualitative and quantitative methods together. There is a method that gives chance to use qualitative and quantitative methods together and it is, Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. For this research the Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms is selected as methodology. Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms uses both quantitative and qualitative methods for this research. 3.8.2 Evaluation of Methodology The methodology is very effective for the research as it uses both qualitative and quantitative methods at the same time. If the results of two methods are same, then the result of the research will consistent. Again the methodology of the research collects data from secondary sources and primary sources as well. It has no chance to gives a false result. Therefore the methodology is very effective for the research. 3.8.3 Limitations of Methodology The methodology uses two methods at the same times. This is the main limitation of the research. Because, the variation of results of two methods make the whole research value less. Again, in case of different result from the two methods, the research needs to do again. It is very costly and time consuming. The methodology has other some other limitations two. It uses two methods. But it is very difficult to select two methods for one research. 3.9 Resources A short list of the resources has provided below: Computer with the Internet connection Internet for articles and journals Books and articles Library access for recent magazines and newspapers 3.10 Action Plan A Gantt chart has prepared for the action plan. The Gantt chart is included in the appendix section. 4. ACTUAL RESEARCH 4.1 Research Design 4.1.1 Step-by-step Design Stage 1: Define Research Topic and Describe Research ProposalThe step-by-step research design has shown below: Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature Stage 3: Find out suitable methodology and creating research plan Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis Stage 6: Evaluation and Presentation of findings Fig: Flow Chart for research design 4.1.2 Step-by-step Explanation Stage 1: Research Proposal Topic is the main subject of any research. Identify a suitable research topic is very difficult task. The topic needs to support by various secondary sources of data. After selecting topic a research proposal is essential. This two are the most important task for any research. It is assume that 6 days are enough for the first stage of the research. Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature It is the most important part as all the supported evidences are collected from Literature review. Among several literatures the most related 5 or seven literatures need to select and then make a research on the literature. It is assume that 3 days are enough for this stage. Stage 3: Find Suitable Research Methodology and Creating Research Plan As the whole research is depend on the research design it is need to carefully create. All tasks follow the research methodology and the research plan. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Data collection is the most important part of the research. For this research primary and secondary data need to collect. It is assume that 7 days are enough for this stage. Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis The result of the research depends on data analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative data need to analysis for the result of the research. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 6: Presentation and evaluation of findings Analysed data is very easy to evaluate and presented. It is assume that 5 days are enough for the presentation and evaluation of data. 4.2 Data Collection 4.2.1 Secondary Data Collection Secondary data is collected throughout the Internet research, using company record, articles, journals, books and web pages. In this section the topic related data is selected and summaries all of them. The data sources are given below: Turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. By Arun Kottolli (2010), Employee Turnover Kills Profits. Keeping good employees is a challenge that all organizations share and it becomes even more difficult as labour markets tighten, by Robert L. Mathis and John H. Jackson. (2008:76), Human Resources Management Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue by Anne Bruce, How to motivate every employee Nelson (2003) writes in The Ten Ironies of Motivation that, I have known for yearsthat money isnt everything when it comes to employment Employee retention is most critical issue facing corporate leaders as a result of the shortage of skilled labour, economic growth and employee turnover By www.retentionconnection.com For service-orientedÂÂ  careersÂÂ  such as account management andÂÂ  customer service, high turnover can lead to customer dissatisfaction. By Shelley Moore (2010) The above resources give qualitative data about the retention and organizational performance. From the data it is found that retention can change trend of employee turnover form any company. Retention makes employees motivate. It also brings job satisfaction. It gives clear definition of job responsibilities. The motivated and satisfied employees provide high level customer service. The high level customer service increase organizational performance. On the other hand employee turnover show negative impact to company. The results are hiring cost, training cost, efficiency cost and much other cost. The collection of secondary initially shows that there is a relationship between employee turnover and organizational performance. If employees retention increases then organizational performance also increases. If employee performance decreases then organizational performance also decreases. 4.2.2 Primary Data Collection The questioner method has been used to collect primary data. The primary data is collected by sending e-mail to 30 employees who are working KFC. A total of 10 questions have been set for every employee. From their response and activeness it is found that employees are more concern about retention that any other thing. The primary data initially shows that retention play a major role in organizational performance. Organizational performance will increase if retention increases for the organization. 4.3 Data Analysis 4.3.1 Qualitative Data Analysis Quantitative data collection is very critical task. Here some basic criteria are essential to follow. The analysis of data need to be valid, reliable, fair and must be follows some ethical issues. Valid: All the secondary data are valid. They have strong relationship with the subjects matter. They show the relation between employee retention and organizational performance. Again, all data shows the effect of employee performance. Some of the articles show the survey and research has been taking in order to decrease turnover. It is clear from the initial research that all secondary data are valid. Reliable: Qualitative data has been taken from various reliable sources. Books, articles, journals, and web pages are used to collect qualitative data. Qualitative data also collected from a sample of 30 employees. They provide qualitative data by their questions answer. Fair: Data are directly taken from sources. No modification has occurred while taking data from its sources. No data has been taken in order to support the hypothesis. Ethical issues: Qualitative data collection follows a set of agreed policies, such as literature review, secondary data collection, primary data collection. Data is not modified of misinterpret by any one. While collecting and using data permission from the authority has been taken carefully. In case of web based data, the sources are indicated very carefully. No influence has take place in order make the result of the research similar with qualitative and quantitative data. 4.3.2 Quantitative Data Analysis Quantitative data analysis follows a set of ethical issue. It also uses the valid, reliable and fair policies. Valid: All data are taken from current employer of KFC. Questioner has been set in a way that employees give answer along with their own feeling about retention and organizational performance. All the data related to the topic of the research. Reliable: Data are taken from KFC employees. They are not influence to give the answer. No suggestion has been provided them regarding the questioner. Employees are actively replay their answer and express their free thinking. So, data is reliable. Fair: No answer has been modified in order to get positive result. Participants are always free to replay the questioner. Answer from the questioner has been taken accurately. Ethical: Data was confidential. Only the researcher saw the data. Participants are not influenced participate the research. Participant privacy policy got priority. Data is not affected by anyone. Participate did not get reminder to replay the questioner. 5. PRESENTATION AND EVALUATION Analysis of Findings What is your job position? Reasons: Job position gives the overview about employees experience with the company. It also shows the time spent by employees within the organization. Majority Answer The majority answer was Team Members Conclusion Team members are can give the most recent experience about retention. They are worried about their job duties, getting promotion and other benefits. The sample group is the right one. Please indicate your work experience with KFC? Reasons: Job experiences show that the employees working life experience. Higher the job experiences higher the knowledge about retention. Majority Answer: The majority answer was 3 to 5 years experience Conclusion: The sample of 30 people, with 3 to 5 years experiences show that all employees are aware about employee retention policies. 5.1.3 What is the level of your job satisfaction? Reasons: Job satisfaction levels provide information about employees loyalty to the organization. Satisfied employees are happy with their retention and other policies. Majority Answer: The majority answer was satisfied. Conclusion: Satisfied employees are loyal to the company. They are happy with their retention and motivation policies. They can provide high level of performance in order increase organizational performance. How satisfied you with KFC? Reasons: This is similar to the prevision one. But, it takes the answer critically and specifically about the KFC. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Average. Conclusion: It is very difficult to distinguish the previous answer and present answer. Employees are satisfied with their job but not to KFC. Possibly, job satisfaction of KFC is good but some other policies are not good. How satisfied you with your Payment and other Benefits? Reasons: Payment and benefits is the indicators of employee satisfaction. If employees are satisfied with their payment and other benefits it will reduce employee turnover and increase organizational performances. Majority answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: KFC provides many benefits to its employees but the does not enough for employees satisfaction. The average level of job satisfaction shows that employee retention rate will decrease in KFC and its performance will decrease day by day. Do you satisfied with you promotion policy? Reasons: Promotion policies are major indicators of employee retention. If company have suitable promotion policy, employees are very active to meet the criteria to get promotion, as a result organizational performance increase. Majority Answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: The answer shows that KFC promotion policy is not good enough to meet its employee satisfaction. If employees are not satisfied with their promotion policy they cannot provide high level of customer service. That will affect organizational performance. If you get better chance to other company what will you do? Reason: This shows the loyalty to the organization. If employees are not loyal to the organization they not provide high level performance. As a result, organizational performance will decrease. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Quite the Company Conclusion: Employees want to quite the organization. KFC need to appoint new employees and level of its performance will decrease. What is your view about employee retention? Reason: It will help to find out employees personal view about retention policy. Majority Answer: The majority answer was very helpful Conclusion: If KFC take better retention policy employees will satisfied. They can help to increase company performance. If you will be promoted as a manager of a new opening store, what is your plan for long term and constant success for your organization? Reason: This question gives chance to employees to take decision about the improvement of company performance. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Most of the employees want to improve retention policy KFC has many employee employees development programmes for its business success. Which is most preferable to you? Reason: Find out the most preferable methods to keep employees and increase organizational performances. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Among all the development programs employees are like retention policy for the improvement of KFC performance. The result of this question indicates that KFC need to improve its retention policy in order to increase its performance. 5.2 Methodology Evaluation The selected methodology for the research is Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. The methodology is best suited for the research as it is used two methods at the same times. The methodology is effective to find out the impact of retention on organizational performance. The data is collected by following a set of ethical rules. All the data are valid, reliable and fair. 5.3 Conclusions The research proves that retention has major impacts on organizational performance. Thus, the hypothesis is supported by the research. Finally it is found that if KFC develops better retention policies it can keep its employees. As a result KFC can increase it organizational performances. 5.4 Recommendations Although the sample of the research was only KFC employees, it can be used by any organization. Both qualitative and quantitative data shows that retention can increase organizational performance. The methodology has some limitation to. The data is collected from a sample of 30 people. Again, only KFC employees provide data. There is no way to make sure that the target employees have replayed back the questioner. Employee may not give the right answer. Though the limitation, this research can help further research in retention and organizational performance. All the resources have valid source identification. The final result of the research is retention rate can help the organization improves its performances. This research is made independently. As the hypothesis of this research is proved and this research is made only on fast food company(KFC) so other fast food companies like MacDonalds and Burger king, Subway can make use of the results of this report for the related featured problems and to improve their performances. Furthermore it is advised to KFC that it should focus on employees retention rate by using different tools for retention such as salary increase, bonuses, promotions and pension schemes. As this is identified that organizational performance is mostly depending on retention rate so company should take this matter seriously to enhance their organizational performance worldwide and to sustain their business profitability. Because of the limitation of methodology (qualitative and quantitative) in future they need to use one methodology so that they cannot find any conflicts by using two different methods and will research on more employees of KFC from different areas so that they can get more people point of view. REFERENCES Bruce, Anne. (2009:3-47), How to Motivate Every Employees, [online] Madison, USA: The McGraw-Hill. Available form: books.google.co.uk Last accessed 25th Oct 2010 Cooper, Evan. (2007).ÂÂ  Job Stickiness Employee Retention Rate.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://www.morebusiness.com/running_your_business/management/d952374028.brc Last accessed 1oth Nov 2010ÂÂ   Gordon Barker, (2009) Challenging times require a different talent focus, Strategic HR Review, Vol. 8 Iss: 4, pp.24 28. [online], Available from: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Last accessed 12th Nov 2010. Jammes Harris Group. (2010). How to Decrease Turnover and Increase Employee Retention.ÂÂ  CBS Interactive. 1 (1), p1-3. Kottolli, Arun . (2010).ÂÂ  Employee Turnover Kills Profit.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://akottolli.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!7320740A5EA5572!177.entry. Last accessed 12th Oct 2010. Love2reward. (2009).ÂÂ  Employee Retention / Staff Retention.[online]. Available: http://www.love2reward.co.uk/rewards/solution-finder/employee-retention?sen=Googlelink=7id=311051gclid=CP_EzYzMraUCFVBO4QodhWq8Yg. Last accessed 12th Oct 2010. Nelson, B. (2010).ÂÂ  The Ten Ironies of Motivation.[online]ÂÂ  Available: http://www.cognitivehorizons.com/assignments/ED7672/weekFour.htm. Last accessed 20th Oct 2010. Robert L, Mathis. And John H, Jackson. (2008).ÂÂ  Human Resource Management [online].ÂÂ  Available: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_yCe7fiQbokCpg=PA74lpg=PA74dq=%E2%80%9CRetention+of+human+resources+must+be+viewed+as+a+strategic+business+issue%E2%80%9D+by+Robert+L.+Mathis,+John+H.+Jacksonsou. Last accessed 30th Oct 2010 retentionconnection.com. (2010).ÂÂ  Employee Retention: Vital Strategy.[online].Available: http://www.retentionconnection.com/. Last accessed 25thÂÂ  2010 Ross Blake. (2006).ÂÂ  Employee Retention: What Employee Turnover Really Costs Your Company.[online].ÂÂ  Available: http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2006/07/24/employee-retention-what-employee-turnover-really-costs-your-company. Last accessed 30th Oct 2010. Shelley Moore. (2010).ÂÂ  The Effect of Employee Turnover.[online]ÂÂ  Available: http://www.ehow.com/facts_4866742_effects-employee-turnover.html. Last accessed 28th Oct 2010. Susan M. Heathfield. (2010).ÂÂ  Keep Your Best: Retention Tips.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://humanresources.about.com/cs/retention/a/turnover.htm. Last accessed 29th Oct 2010. wfnetwork.bc.edu. (2007).ÂÂ  Definition of Retention.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://wfnetwork.bc.edu/glossary_entry.php?term=Retention,%20Definition(s)%20ofarea=All. Last accessed 14th Oct 2010 Buchanan, D. Huczynski A, 2010.ÂÂ  Organizational Behaviour.ÂÂ  7th ed. England: Pearson. Lewis, R. 2007. Business, .England: Nelson Thornes Price,A .Human Resource Management in a business context.3rd ed. England: south-western Cengage learning Bloisi,w. Human resource management. England: McGrawHill education BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Scafolding Vs. The Forest Essay -- essays research papers

Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, a dark tale of sin and redemption, centers on the small Puritan community of Boston during the seventeenth century. In the center of this bustling community is the market place. With in it are all the central features of the town, the most symbolic of these is the scaffold. Many a soul is scarred upon this scaffold. It is a place of intense scrutiny and upon it, reality comes into a brutal light. In exceptional contrast to the scaffold is the forest beyond the town. Here, there is no judgement and reality waxes and wanes. Hawthorne creates this place for the characters to escape and themselves without restraint or worry. The comparison is clear: the market place, especially the scaffold, represents the harsh reality of Puritan society and the forest provides escape. The scaffold is the center of criticism. Here, any unfortunate soul to climb the stairs is subject to the superficial examination by the eyes of society. Those below the scaffold see a light of the character distorted by their own jealousies and suspicions, and clouded by gossip. Where the truth may be unacceptable to them, it is substituted by things society coerced them to believe. Those on the scaffold experience reality. The only comfort is the ability to see beyond the town from this pernicious pedestal. As Hester spends her allotted time in the spotlight, her mind escapes as she gazes off into the distance. But while some are able to escape, others such as Dimmesd...

Nanking

The signing of the Nanking treaty proved to be an important catalyst in the eventual shift of ideas and principles concerning colonialism. Such document proved to be the instigator for the change in political ideals that affected countries in East Asia in their view of Western powers. In the end, the image of these legal codes served as an instrument in creating and paving for colonialism in East Asia. It can be argued that there has been an evolution of ideas when the Nanking Treaty was signed. This was evident not only among Western ideals but also among countries in East Asia as well (Japan). One thing that can be argued here is the creation of these legal documents to promote the exploitation of natural resources which is brought about by one factor – colonialism. Here we see the creation of colonial knowledge’s that served as an instigator to promote colonialism, particularly in East Asia. Wagoner (2003) says that colonial knowledge is â€Å"forms and bodies of knowledge that enabled European colonizers to achieve domination over their colonized subjects around the globe.† One such example is legal codes inscribed in every treaty that gives privileges to states to practice such concept. The Nanking Treaty serves as one component in legitimizing the practice of colonialism in China. There are several provisions in the treaty that exhibits such idea and creates the grounds for exploitation. Treaty of Nanking (1842) provides that â€Å"it being obviously necessary and desirable that British subjects should have some port whereat they may [maintain] and refit their ships when required, and keep stores for that purpose.† Such idea raises the question of equality of application in the mentioned treaty. Looking at it, there seems to be an evident discrepancy in the area of equality as far as the treaty is concerned. The mentioned treaty provides more benefits to the winning side (Great Britain) and penalties for the losing faction (China). Treaty of Nanking (1842) says that â€Å"His Majesty the Emperor of China cedes to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., the Island of Hong-Kong, to be possessed in perpetuity by Her Britannic Majesty,† This created a different perspective in the political environment especially in China. Prior to the Opium wars and signing of the Nanking Treaty, Chinese status in the realm of World Politics was regarded to be of high regard. After the defeat from the British, Chinese grasp slowly diminished as it lost control over certain privileges enjoyed by the state. It is through this, that other Western states also used such weakness for their personal gains. Bond (2007) mentions that â€Å"Sensing blood France, Russia and the United States all piled in with similar treaties granting similar access.† Such legal codes proved to be an instrument for inequalities and semi-colonial relationships. Realizing its extent, it can be argued that such event created a shift in the societal level as people and other traits begin to exhibit traits comparable to their colonizers. Wagoner (2003) says that â€Å"indigenous intellectuals in reality contributed actively to the process, and that colonial knowledge was thus produced through a complex form of collaboration between colonizers and colonized, and an attendant process of epistemic confrontation and adjustment between European and indigenous knowledge systems.† Though such treaty may promote ‘equality before the law’, realistically it showcases a different treatment among Chinese counterparts. Treaty of Nanking (1842) stipulates â€Å"Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, &c., will appoint Superintendents, or Consular officers, to reside at each of the above-named cities or towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese authorities and the said merchants, and to see that the just duties and other dues of the Chinese Government,† Lastly, such issue created a justification for other rising powers to exhibit the same ideology promoted by Western States as far as colonialism is concerned. Japan, for one, evolved from its isolationist ways and started to practice and exhibit the colonialist ideals. To conclude, the Nanking Treaty proved to be a catalyst for political and economic changes in East Asia. These legal codes provided the justification for colonialism and exploitation as it greatly affected the way other states both in East Asia and the West perceive China. Work Cited Bond, David. Silk Road or Silver Road. 2007. accessed March 14, 2008 Wagoner, Philip B. Precolonial Intellectuals and the Production of Colonial Knowledge in ‘Comparative Studies in Society and History 2003 45 (UK; Cambridge University Press) pp.783-814 ‘Treaty of Nanking’ 1842 accessed March 14, 2008 from

Brain Cells Function

Speaking to your right foot will not make it stop wiggling. Asking your left arm to bend and scratch your back will not make it follow either no matter how loudly a person asks. However, right feet do stop wiggling and left arms can be made to scratch backs if one thinks and wants the limbs to stop or start moving. This is because people’s movements are not voice-activated but rather are controlled by commands coming from a person’s brain. The brain is the center or meeting place of the human nervous system. Kids Biology described the nervous system as the main power cable of the body.Through it, the brain is able to receive and send messages to all the other body parts. It can command the hand to perform certain movements while senses can tell the brain about the person’s environment and its effects on the person, such as feelings of pain and heat. Basically, the nervous system is like a built-in telephone inside the body which the brain and the rest of the body can use to tell one another what the body should do or not do. According to Kids Biology, the messages sent are in the form of electricity, similar to the email or the internet, only much, much faster.The things pushing along this electricity inside people’s bodies are called neurons. Brain Cell Online explained that neurons are one of the two kinds of cells, the tiny human particles found in the brain. The other one is the glial cell. According to Brain Cell Online, there are more than 100 billion neurons in the brain. However, there are much more glial cells as they account for 90 percent of the brain’s overall cell count. Glial cells act as the support for the neurons which, as mentioned above, are the cells responsible for passing on the messages between the brain and body in the nervous system.Neurons are not limited in the brain region alone; rather, they are found throughout the nervous system. Brain Cell Online credits neurons with storing and processing infor mation from the brain before sending the information to the right receivers, and vice versa. To perform these multiple responsibilities successfully, neurons are equipped with two special projections or cell endings called dendrites and axons. Chudler distinguishes the two as such: Dendrites bring or push nerve information to the cell body, while axons pull or take them away and pass to another cell.Thus, neurons are like chains of information; passing nerve information from one neuron to another until it reaches the brain or the designated body part. According to Chudler, the information being transferred is in the form of chemicals called neurotransmitters, which flow in and pass through neurons by small gaps called the synapse. The opening allows chemicals to move through electrons so as to make the connections for information chains possible. Chudler further explains that a synapse is composed of three parts: a presynaptic end, a postsynaptic end, and the synaptic cleft which is basically the middle part between the ends.Presynaptic ends are neurotransmitter terminals while postsynaptic ends are neurotransmitter receptor sites. An electrical impulse triggers the release of the neurotransmitters into the cleft until it finally reaches the postsynaptic end where they bind themselves with the receptor site. Chudler writes that this binding can alter cell’s excitability that is increasing or decreasing its potential to hype or intensify the cells’ actions and speed up the transmission of the messages or information being passed.Bain cells are obviously important in people’s experience of the environment. As such, problems with the functions and capabilities of one’s nervous system and all its components such as the neurons have turned into the most difficult and incurable diseases like Alzheimer’s syndrome, stroke, and epilepsy. Fortunately, there are studies evidencing the existence of the concept called neurogenesis. Accord ing to the Society of Neuroscience, neurogenesis refers to the human capability of producing new neurons which can integrate themselves to the working brain (1).This phenomenon suggests the exciting possibility of a self-healing brain—one that keeps one from forgetting and treats brain disorders. Everyone is dependent on having a fully-functioning nervous system, from the brain to the senses and to the tiny microscopic neurons for their daily living. It may be difficult to imagine, but people are able to move their bodies and remember people, objects, and events through complex and lighting-fast information transfer inside our bodies’ tiny cells. Works Cited Brain Cell. Brain Cell.2007. 16 March 2009 . Chudler, Eric. â€Å"The Synapse. † Neuroscience for Kids. University of Washington Engineered Biomaterials. 2009. 16 March 2009 . Kids Biology. Nervous System. 2009. 16 March 2009 . Society for Neuroscience. â€Å"Adult Neurogenesis. † Brain Briefings. Jun e 2007. 16 March 2009 .